Peculiarities of Modern Expert and Forensic Studies of "Criminal Drugs", Abuse of Which Leads to Addiction

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v4i1.125

Keywords:

forensic sciences, criminology, forensic pharmacy, psychoactive substances, criminal drugs, illegal trafficking, addiction, pharmaceutical and medical law

Abstract

The objective of this research was to delve into the unique aspects of the distribution and handling of psychoactive substances, often referred to as "criminal drugs," in the context of forensic and forensic pharmaceutical examinations. This study involved an in-depth analysis of the experiences of United Nations experts in relation to the rising trend of adolescent addiction, particularly focusing on the misuse of psychoactive substances that fall under various classification and legal categories, such as narcotics, psychotropics, and precursors. Special attention was given to the investigation of altered psychoactive substances that are found in combination drugs containing codeine or ephedrine. Additionally, the research examined the intricacies involved in conducting expert criminological, forensic, and pharmaceutical studies on these modified psychoactive substances that are often the subject of forensic investigations. This included exploring the methods and techniques used in these studies, the challenges faced by experts in identifying and analyzing these substances, and the implications of their findings for legal and regulatory frameworks. By understanding these peculiarities, the research aimed to contribute to more effective strategies for managing and controlling the misuse of psychoactive substances, as well as to enhance the accuracy and reliability of forensic investigations in this area. This comprehensive approach to studying psychoactive "criminal drugs" is essential for developing a deeper understanding of their impact on society and the legal system.

Author Biography

Natalia Titova, Luhansk Scientific and Research Expert Forensic Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine

Head of the Materials, Substances and Products Research Department of the Luhansk Scientific and Research Expert Forensic Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Ukraine

E-mail: nat.alex.titova@gmail.com

References

Substance abuse. UN. 14.11.2023. URL: https://www.un.org/development/desa/youth/world-programme-of-action-for-youth/substance-abuse.html

Shapovalov V. Interdisciplinary legal, forensic and pharmaceutical, forensic and chemical, forensic and narcological, forensic and toxicological, criminal and legal study of the illegal trafficking of Amphetamine. SSP Modern Law and Practice. 2023. Vol.3. No.3. P.1-14. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v3i3.108

Shapovalov V. Illegal drug laboratories: forensic and pharmaceutical, forensic and expert, forensic and toxicological, forensic and chemical, criminal and legal examination to combat drug trafficking, illegal circulation of prohibited psychoactive substances, morbidity. SSP Modern Law and Practice. 2023. Vol.3. No.2. P.1-19. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v3i2.100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v3i3.108

Shapovalov V., Veits O. Forensic and pharmaceutical, criminal and legal, social and economic study of the conditions, that cause bribery corruption in the system of legal relations "doctor-patient-investigator-lawyer". SSP Modern Law and Practice. 2022. Vol.2. No.3. P.1-16. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v2i3.57 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v2i3.57

Shapovalov V. Forensic pharmacy, organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology, medical, pharmaceutical, and criminal law: the state system of combating the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and their abuse in pandemic condition. SSP Modern Law and Practice. 2022. Vol.2. No.3. P.1-35. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v2i3.66 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v3i1.80

Osyntseva A. Polydrug addiction: multidisciplinary forensic and pharmaceutical, organizational and legal, and technological study of factors of formation and development. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2022. Vol.2. No.4. P.1-14. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i4.72

Shapovalova V. The ICD-11 for the twenty-first century: the first view from the organizational, legal, clinical and pharmacological aspects. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2022. Vol.2. Nо.1. Р.1–13. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i1.37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i1.37

Lo T.W., Yeung J.W.K., and Tam C.H.L. Substance abuse and public health: a multilevel perspective and multiple responses. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020. Vol. 17. No. 7. P. 2610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072610

Sinha R. Chronic stress, drug use, and vulnerability to addiction. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2008. Vol. 1141. P. 105-130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1441.030. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1441.030

Tkachenko V. Forensic and pharmaceutical, chemical and toxicological analysis of medical drugs and substances in illegal circulation in Ukraine. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2023. Vol. 3. No 4. Р. 1-10. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i4.117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i4.117

Non-medical use of medicines: health and social responses. EMCDDA. 20.10.2021. URL: https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/mini-guides/non-medical-use-of-medicines-health-and-social-responses_en

Shapovalov V.V. (Jr.), Shapovalova V.A., Shapovalov V.V. Development of forensic and pharmaceutical researches within the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology and pharmaceutical law in Ukraine concerning the turnover of controlled drugs and substances. Health of Society. 2021. Vol.10. Nо.3. P.98-106. URL: https://doi.org/10.22141/2306-2436.10.3.2021.246351. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22141/2306-2436.10.3.2021.246351

Shapovalov (Jr.) V., Gudzenko A., Shapovalova V. et al. Forensic and pharmaceutical analysis of addictive morbidity because of the use of narcotic psychoactive substances in Ukraine (retrospective aspect). International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2018. Vol. 3. Is.3. July 2018. P.22-25. URL: http://www.pharmacyjournal.net/archives/2018/vol3/issue3

Shapovalov V. (Jr.), Gudzenko А., Shapovalova V. et al. Concerning the importance of forensic and pharmaceutical researches to improve patients’ accessibility to medicines. Pharmacia. 2017. Vol.65. Nо.2. P.23–29. URL: http://bsphs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Shapovalov.pdf.

. Sosin I.K., Chuev Yu.F., Artemchuk A.P. et al. Narcology: national textbook. Kharkiv, Ukraine: Kolegium. 2014. 948 p.

Shapovalova V.A., Sosyn I.K., Butenko G.M. et al. Pharmaceutical law in narcology. Kharkov: "Fact". 2004. 800 p.

Osyntseva A. Organizational and legal study of the state of formation, development and distribution of polydrug addiction in the world and in Ukraine. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Volume 1 No. 2 (2021). DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v1i2.26 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i4.72

Shapovalov V.V., Gudzenko A.A., Zbrozhek S.I. et al. Forensic and pharmaceutical analysis of addictive morbidity because of the use of psychotropic psychoactive substances in Ukraine (retrospective aspect). Annals of Mechnikov Institute. 2018. N. 3. Р. 41–44. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1456544. URL: http://www.imiamn.org.ua/journal/3_2018/PDF/9.pdf.

Shapovalov V.V. (Jr.) Forensic and pharmaceutical study of abuse and developing the principles of reducing the demand for psychoactive substances of different classification and regulatory groups. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2019. No. 2. Р. 39-47. URL: https://pharmj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/300.

Shapovalova V.A., Shapovalov V.V., Agapov D.A. Forensic pharmacy: review of the measures to counter the spreading of the psychoactive substances over the Internet. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2019. No.3. P.18-21. URL: https://pharmj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/511/479.

Shapovalova V. Forensic and pharmaceutical risks in the organization of pharmacotherapy of covid, post-covid and long-covid disorders. COVID-19 and vaccination practice standards. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2022. Vol. 2. No.4. P.1-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i4.69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i4.69

Shapovalova V.A., Musoiev S.M., Shapovalov V.V. Pharmaceutical law: the UN and the development of international legal norms for the control of narcotic drugs. Problems of continuing medical education and science. 2012. No. 2. P. 71-74. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Psmno_2012_2_17

Shapovalov V. V., Linskiy I. V. Evidence-based pharmacy: definition of the control regime for the medicines in the pharmaceutical correction schemes of the opioid dependence. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2013. No.3. P. 35-40. URL: https://pharmj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/399

Shapovalov V.V., Linsky I.V. Forensic pharmacy, forensic narcology: scoring method of the predisposing to psychical and behavioral frustrations health by reason of psychoactive substances abusing. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2010. No. 1. P. 36-41. URL: https://pharmj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/864

Shapovalov V.V., Linsky I.V. Forensic and pharmaceutical study of the pharmacotherapy of opioid withdrawal syndrome among patients-offenders with different levels of opium addiction on a base of evidence based pharmacy. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2012. No.1. Р. 20-27. URL: https://pharmj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/546

Shapovalov V.V., Linsky I.V. Influence of the genetic and environmental components on the addictive dependence development of the drug addicted patients with deviant behavior (forensic and pharmaceutical aspects). 2011. No.5. P. 30-34. URL: https://pharmj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/585

Shapovalov V., Bondarenko V., Shapovalova V. Forensic pharmacy: expert providing of quality of psychoaktіve substances which are return from non-legal turn. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2008. No.2. Р.54-58. URL: https://pharmj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1171

Shapovalova V., Osyntseva A., Shapovalov V. et al. Pharmacognostic, forensic and pharmaceutical, organizational and legal, clinical and pharmacological multidisciplinary study with an assessment of peculiarities of circulation (use) of smoking mixtures of spices and entheogens of amanita muscaria mushroom. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2023. Vol. 3. No 3. Р. 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i3.105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i3.105

Ivanishyn-Hayduchok L., Shapovalova V., Shapovalov V. ICD-11: Organizational and legal, medical and pharmaceutical, social and economic issues of implementation of the program of state guarantees of medical care in 2022 in Ukraine, based on the fundamental principles of the European Union. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2022. Vol.2. No.2. P.1-14. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i2.53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v2i2.53

Regional comprehensive program for the prevention of addictions and their social consequences among children in the Dnipropetrovsk region for 2022-2026. Official website of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Council. 2022. URL: https://oblrada.dp.gov.ua/rishennia/%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%83-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%83-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83-2/

Koptev O. In the Dnipropetrovsk region, the results of the work on combating child drug addiction were summed up and the composition of the coordination council was updated. OpenTVMedia. 24.04.2023. URL: https://opentv.media/ua/na-dnipropetrovshhini-pidbili-pidsumki-roboti-z-protidiyi-dityachij-narkomaniyi-ta-onovili-sklad-koordinatsijnoyi-radi

Shapovalov V. Suicide among young people in Ukraine and Estonia: interdisciplinary study of the problem in the system of legal relations "doctor-patient-pharmacist-lawyer". SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2023. Vol.3. No.3. P.1-16. URL: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i3.106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i3.106

Shapovalov V.V., Shapovalova V.O. Forensic pharmacy, evidentiary pharmacy and pharmaceutical legislation as components of pharmaceutical law in the program of implementation of state policy in the field of combating crime and violations of the rules of circulation of psychoactive substances for 2011-2017: materials VII International. science and practice conf. (November 19-20, 2010, Kharkiv). Kharkiv. 2010. 190 p.

Shapovalova V.O., Shapovalov V.V., Khalin M.M. et al. Pharmaceutical legislation: education. manual with the seal of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Ukraine (series: Pharmaceutical law). Kharkiv. 2010. 142 p.

Shapovalova V.V., Shapovalov V.V., Vasina Ju.V. et al. Legislation in pharmacy, forensic pharmacy and evidence-based pharmacy: Study book (series: Pharmaceutical law). Kharkiv. 2011. 160 p.

Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated May 06, 2000 No. 770 "On approval of the list of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/770-2000-%D0%BF#Text.

Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated August 1, 2000 No. 188 "On approval of tables of small, large and especially large sizes of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors that are in illegal circulation". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0512-00#Text.

Shapovalova V.O., Shapovalov V.V., Lebedeva T.O. Forensic Pharmacy: study of the control regime of medicinal products containing Codeine. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2012. No.6. P.30-38. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/pharmazh_2012_6_6

Shapovalov V.V., Shapovalova V.O., Komar L.O. Forensic and pharmaceutical study peculiarities of circulation of controlled medicinal products with Codeine on the basis of pharmaceutical and medical law. Ukrainian Journal of Psychoneurology. 2015. Vol.23. Iss.4(85). P.131-135. URL: https://uvnpn.com.ua/arkhiv-nomeriv/2015/tom-23-vipusk-4-85/sudovo-farmatsevtichne-vivchennya-osoblivostey-ob-gu-kont-rolovanikh-l-karskikh-zasob-v-z-kode-nom-n

Shapovalova V., Zamoshets O., Galavan Z. et al. Subject, objects and tasks of forensic chemical and pharmaceutical examination of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2006. No.1. P.48–52.

Shapovalov V.V., Shapovalova V.O., Zamoshets O. Peculiarities of the study of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors in the format of express tests. Liky Ukraine. 2006. Vol.14. Iss.2. P.143–144.

Bron A.N., Zavyalova N.E., Zavyalov O.S. Study of a particularly dangerous drug - desomorphine by gas chromatography with mass-selective detection: methodical sheet. Kyiv: DNDEKTS of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. 2013. 13p. URL: https://expertize-journal.org.ua/normativnie-documenti/7827-nakaz-ministerstva-yustitsiji-ukrajini-vid-08-05-2018-1467-5-pro-zatverdzhennya-perelikiv-rekomendovanoji-naukovo-tekhnichnoji-ta-dovidkovoji-literaturi-shcho-vikoristovuetsya-pid-chas-provedennya-sudovikh-ekspertiz

Linyuchev G.V., Ostapyuk Yu.M., Prystupa V.V. Possibilities of applying special knowledge in the field of physics and chemistry in the detection and investigation of crimes: an information guide. Kyiv: DNDEKTS of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. 2006. 36 p.

Shapovalova V. Alcoholic Hepatitis: An experimental meta-analysis. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine. 2023. Vol.3. No.1. P.1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i1.77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v3i1.77

Kotyurgin A.O. What is desomorphine? Rehabilitation Center "Chance". 2023. URL: https://www.shans-centr.com.ua/uk/shho-take-dezomorfin/

Shapovalov V.V., Shapovalova V.O., Lebedeva T.O. et al. Forensic pharmaceutical study of the problem of desomorphine addiction in Ukraine (forensic aspects). Forensic medical examination. 2012. No. 6. P. 49-54. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/sme_2012_6_14

Pavlyukh V. In Transcarpathia, a gram of the methamphetamine drug costs up to a thousand hryvnias. Transcarpathia online. 21.03.2011. URL: https://zakarpattya.net.ua/News/80709-Na-Zakarpatti-hram-narkotyka-metamfetamin-koshtuie-vzhe-do-tysiachi-hryven

Methamphetamine. Wikipedia. 31.10.2023. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetamine

Bugaichuk K.L., Savchenko O.O., Pribytkova N.O. Peculiarities of pre-trial investigation of illegal production, manufacture, purchase, storage, transportation, forwarding or sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances. Scientific and methodological recommendations. Kharkov National University of Internal Affairs Institutional Repository. 2015. 99 p. URL: https://core.ac.uk/reader/187222290

Meeting of the VI Working Group on the Research of Psychoactive Substances. Kyiv Research Institute of Forensic Expertise. 14.04.2021. URL: https://kndise.gov.ua/zasidannya-vi-robochoyi-grupy-z-doslidzhennya-psyhoaktyvnyh-rechovyn/

Downloads

Published

2024-01-07

How to Cite

Titova, N. (2024). Peculiarities of Modern Expert and Forensic Studies of "Criminal Drugs", Abuse of Which Leads to Addiction. SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine, 4(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.53933/sspmpm.v4i1.125

Issue

Section

Health Sciences